![](3D"TMFM-MilitaryRecords(April2007)_files/image002.jpg")
RESEARCHING MILITARY SERVICE RECORDS
I. Getting Started<=
/b>
Individuals beginning a search of military records would be well se=
rved
by first reading a general overview of the subject area. Excellent resources in this regard
include the “Frequently Asked Questions” publication prepared by
the National Archives and Records Administration, http://www.archives.gov/faqs/inde=
x.html.
Equally helpful would be the “Frequently Asked Historical
Questions” publication of the US Army Heritage and Education Center a=
nd a
comparable piece compiled by the Naval Historical Center, http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ahec=
/FAQ.htm
and http://www.history.navy.mil/nhc3.=
htm
respectively.
Additional research guidance is offered by the genealogy section of=
the
National Archives and Records Administration site, http://=
www.archives.gov/research_room/genealogy/research_topics/military.html
and especially http://=
www.archives.gov/genealogy/military. Consult as well http://www.archives.gov/veterans/=
index.html
and http://=
www.archives.gov/veterans/research/online.html
for additional guidance about available information. Individuals unfamiliar with the mi=
litary
may find particularly enlightening the Navy’s description of the cont=
ents
of a service record, http://www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy.asp?id=3D159.=
II. Obtaining Military Service Records=
A. =
; Federal
Resources
The National Personnel Records Center (=
NPRC),
Military Personnel Records, http://=
www.archives.gov/facilities/mo/st_louis/military_personnel_records.html,
is a repository for the personnel, health, and medical records of all
discharged and deceased veterans (all branches of the armed forces) who ser=
ved
after 1900. Veterans and their
next-of-kin may now use the “eVetRecs” system to request records
from the Center, http://www.archives.gov/veterans/evetrecs/index.html. Veterans and next-of-kin without
Internet access and all others may submit their requests in writing to:
National Personnel Records Center<=
/o:p>
Military Personnel Records
9700 Page Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63132-5100
Fax: 314-801-9195
If possible, use a Standard Form 180 fo=
r this
request. The form may be down=
loaded
from http://=
www.archives.gov/facilities/mo/st_louis/military_personnel_records/standard=
_form_180.html. If you cannot obtain a Standard Fo=
rm 180
for this request, include in your inquiry the service member’s comple=
te
name, Social Security number and/or serial number, branch of service, and d=
ates
of service as well as your return address.=
Date and place of birth for the veteran would be helpful too, as wou=
ld
be place of discharge, last unit of assignment, and place of entry into
service, if known. You must s=
ign
and date your request.
More than one request may be submitted =
per
envelope, but policy requires that you submit a separate form/letter for ea=
ch
individual whose records are being requested. Please allow at least 2 – 4 =
weeks
for a reply. If you need assi=
stance,
telephone the Center at (314) 801-0800 or contact them via email at
“MPR.center@nara.gov.&#=
8221;
B. State
Resources
State agencies may be valuable resources as well. The Military Records and Research =
Branch
of the Kentucky Department of Military Affairs, for example, contains more =
than
300,000 discharge documents for Kentucky veterans, beginning with individua=
ls
who served in World War I through modern day. It also contains historical record=
s of
Kentucky militia and National Guard units dating from 1792. Oregon’s State Archives offe=
rs a
detailed listing of the resources it has available regarding the military
service of state residents. To
assist researchers, the state has prepared the Oregon Military De=
partment
Records Guide, 1847-1986.
For a complete state-by-s=
tate
listing of state government resources, see pages 9 – 10 of this docum=
ent.
C. Local
Resources
Although the federal government is the primary source for military
records, other sources may be close at hand. Local governments, for example, me=
rit a
researcher’s attention, as veterans may have filed their military
discharge documents (e.g., AGO 100 or DD-214) with the county clerk or
recorder. <=
/p>
III. Understanding What You Find
A. =
; Abbrev=
iations/Acronyms
Glance at any service record and one wi=
ll see
quickly that the military has its own special language. Fortunately, the Department of Def=
ense
posts a searchable version of its current Dictionary of Military Terms
at http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/=
doddict. For those struggling with the
abbreviations used in Naval records (e.g., CVHE & LST), the Ship’s
Hull Identification guide provided by the US Navy also is a godsend, http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/=
s_type.htm,
as is its listing of abbreviations for Navy ratings (i.e., jobs), http://=
www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq78-2.htm#anchor1614.
Abbreviations and terms change over tim=
e,
thus, for the acronyms and terms commonly used during WWII, see:=
United States War Department, Dictio=
nary
of United States Army Terms, War Department Technical Manual 20 – 205=
(Washington, DC: United States
Government Printing Office, 1944). <=
/span>A
current version of this document is on-line at http://www.fas.org/irp//dodd=
ir/army/ar310-25.pdf.
United States, Navy Department, Office =
of
Naval History, Glossary of US Naval Code Words (Washington, DC: United States Government Printing
Office, 1948). On-line at http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/=
faq79-1.htm.
United States Navy Department, Office o=
f the
Chief of Naval Operations, Office of Naval Records and History, Glossary=
of
US Naval Abbreviations (Washington, DC: United States Navy Department,
1949). On-line at http://www.history.navy.mil/books=
/OPNAV20-P1000.
Basic abbreviations that individuals may
encounter frequently, especially in conjunction with World War II research,
will include:
AA &nb=
sp; Antiaircraft
AAA <=
/span>Antiaircraft
Artillery
AAB &n=
bsp; Army
Air Base
AAC &n=
bsp; Army
Air Corps
AAF &n=
bsp; Army
Air Force
A/B &n=
bsp; Airborne
AD &nb=
sp; Armored
Division or Active Duty
AEF &n=
bsp; American
Expeditionary Force
AGF &n=
bsp; Army
Ground Forces
AGS &n=
bsp; Armed
Guard Service
BB &n=
bsp; Battleship
BN &nb=
sp; Battalion
Btry &=
nbsp; Battery
Cav &n=
bsp; Cavalry
CB &nb=
sp; Construction
Battalion (SeaBee)
CBI &n=
bsp; China-Burma-India
Theater
CIB &n=
bsp; Combat
Infantrymen’s Badge
CMOH Congression=
al
Medal of Honor
CO &nb=
sp; Commanding
Officer
Co &nb=
sp; Company
CP &nb=
sp; Command
Post
DET &n=
bsp; Detachment
DNB &n=
bsp; Died,
Non-Battle
DOI &n=
bsp; Died
of Injuries
DOW <=
/span>Died
of Wounds
DSC &n=
bsp; Distinguished
Service Cross
ETO &n=
bsp; European
Theater of Operations
FA &nb=
sp; Field
Artillery
GCM &n=
bsp; Good
Conduct Medal
Gp &nb=
sp; Group
HQ &nb=
sp; Headquarters
KIA &n=
bsp; Killed
in Action
LOD &n=
bsp; Line
of Duty
LC &nb=
sp; Landing
Craft
LCI &n=
bsp; Landing
Craft, Infantry
LCM &n=
bsp; Landing
Craft, Mechanized
LCP &n=
bsp; Landing
Craft, Personnel
LDF &n=
bsp; Local
Defense Forces
LST &n=
bsp; Landing
Ship, Tank
LSV &n=
bsp; Landing
Ship, Vehicle
LVT &n=
bsp; Landing
Vehicle, Tracked
MC &nb=
sp; Medical
Corps
MIA &n=
bsp; Missing
in Action
Mort &=
nbsp; Mortar
MOS &n=
bsp; Military
Occupation Specialty
MP &nb=
sp; Military
Police
MT &nb=
sp; Maintenance
NCO &n=
bsp; Non-commissioned
Officer (e.g., a sergeant)
NMI &n=
bsp; No
Middle Initial
OLC &n=
bsp; Oak
Leaf Cluster (signifies repeat of award)
Ord &n=
bsp; Ordnance
PH &nb=
sp; Purple
Heart
Plat &=
nbsp; Platoon
POW Prisoner
of War
PUC &n=
bsp; Presidential
Unit Citation
QM =
Quartermaster=
Rcn =
; Reconnaissance
Regt &nbs=
p; Regiment
Sig &n=
bsp; Signal
Sqd &n=
bsp; Squad
TF &nb=
sp; Task
Force
Tk Bn Tank
Battalion
TD &nb=
sp; Tank
Destroyer
T/O &n=
bsp; Table
of Organization
Tr &nb=
sp; Troop
WIA &n=
bsp; Wounded
in Action
B. &nb=
sp; Awards,
Decorations, and Campaign and Service Medals
Most service records will mention commendations earned by the
serviceperson individually or as part of a unit. The Institute of Heraldry provides
comprehensive information on Army awards, badges, decorations, insignia, and
medals, http://=
www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Awards/Ribbons/OrderofPrecedence.htm.=
For assistance in deciphering abbr=
eviations
relating to these items, see the Data Codes Quick Reference Guide listed on=
https:/=
/www.hrc.army.mil/site/active/TAGD/awards/index.htm
(“Awards and Decorations”).&nb=
sp;
Similar information for other services may be reviewed at http://www.af.mil/news/airman/010=
1/medals.html,
http://=
www.uscg.mil/history/awards/Coast_Guard_Medal_Index.html,
and http://=
www.history.navy.mil/medals/
index.html, respectively.
For instructions on how to request original or replacement medals a=
nd
awards, go to the NPRC’s site, http://=
www.archives.gov/veterans/military-service-records/replacement-medals.html<=
/span>.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>C. =
; Milita=
ry
Rank
The individual service branches vary in the names they use to desig=
nate
the grades/ranks of enlisted personnel and officers. Comparable information for all ser=
vices
is posted on-line at http://=
www.defenselink.mil/specials/insignias/index.html
and http://fas.org/man/dod-101/comp/o=
rg.htm. During World War II, grades/ranks =
were
as shown in the following chart.
|
Army
|
Navy
|
Marine Corps
|
|
Private (Pvt)
Private First Class (Pfc)
Technician Fifth Class (T/5)<=
/p>
Corporal (Cpl)
Technician Fourth Class (T/4)=
Sergeant (Sgt)
Technician Third Class (T/3)<=
/p>
Staff Sergeant (SSgt)
Technical Sergeant (TSgt)
First Sergeant (FSgt)
Master Sergeant (MSgt)
Sergeant Major (SMJ)
Warrant Officer – Junior Grade (WOJ)=
Chief Warrant Officer (CWO)
Second Lieutenant (2Lt)
First Lieutenant (1Lt)
Captain (Capt)
Major (Maj)
Lieutenant Colonel (LtCol)
Colonel (Col)
Brigadier General (BGen)
Major General (MajGen)
Lieutenant General (LtGen)
General (Gen)
General of the Army
|
Apprentice Seaman (AS)
Seaman 2nd Class (S2)
Seaman 1st Class (S1)
Petty Officer 3rd Class (PO3)
Petty Officer 2nd Class (PO2)
Petty Officer 1st Class (PO1)
Chief Petty Officer (CPO)
Warrant Officer (WO)
Commissioned Warrant Officer (CWO)
Ensign (Ens)
Lieutenant – Junior Grade (Ltjg)
Lieutenant (Lt.)
Lieutenant Commander (Lt.Com)=
Commander (CDRO
Captain (Capt.)
Commodore (CDRE)
Rear Admiral (RADM)
Vice-Admiral(VADM)
Admiral (Adm)
Fleet Admiral (FADM)
|
Private (Pvt)
Private First Class (Pfc)
Corporal (Cpl)
Sergeant (Sgt)
Platoon Sergeant (PlSgt) or Staff Sergeant (Stf=
Sgt)
Gunnery Sergeant (GunSgt) or Technical Sergeant
(TSgt)
1st Sergeant (FSgt) or Quartermaster
Sergeant (QMSgt)
Sergeant Major (SgtMaj) or Master Technical Ser=
geant
(MTSgt)
Warrant Officer (WO)
Commissioned Warrant Officer (CWO)
2nd Lieutenant (2Lt)
1st Lieutenant (1Lt)
Captain (Capt)
Major (Maj)
Lieutenant Colonel (LtCol)
Colonel (Col)
Brigadier General (BrigGen)
Major General (MajGen)
Lieutenant General<=
/a>
(LtGen)
|
D. &nb=
sp; Military
Units
Organization.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> For administrative and tactical
purposes, military forces are organized in various size units. Army personnel may be grouped in t=
he
following manner:
Squad – Small unit of 9 – 14 men, commanded by a sergeant.
Platoon – Three or more squads, commanded by a lieutenant.
Company – Basic combat unit consisting of three or more platoons,
commanded by a captain. Total=
force
averages about 120 soldiers.
Battery – Artillery combat unit with three or more heavy guns. Similar in size to a company, comm=
anded
by a captain.
Battalion – Three or more companies or batteries, commanded by a
lieutenant colonel. Total for=
ce
averages 500 – 800 men.
Regiment – Large unit formation, consisting of three or more battalio=
ns,
commanded by a colonel. Total=
force
ranges between 2,000 – 3,000 men.
Brigade – Two regiments with supporting artillery and support troops,
commanded by a brigadier general.
Used in World War I but not in World War II.
Division – The command units for large formations of three or more
regiments, with various supporting troops, commanded by a major general. Total force exceeds 15,000 soldier=
s.
Corps – Two or three (usually the latter) divisions, commanded by a
lieutenant general.
Army – Two or more corps, commanded by a general (four stars). The 36th Infantry Divis=
ion
was assigned to the 5th Army in Italy and the 7th Arm=
y in
Southern France.
To assist those eager to
understand the often-confusing organizational structure of the US Navy, the
Federation of American Scientists offers an “Overview of Navy
Units” at http://=
fas.org/man/dod-101/navy/unit/overview.htm. A
detailed description of the Air Force structure is available at http://afhr=
a.maxwell.af.mil/rso/rso_index.html.
Unit Insignias. A comprehensive overview of Army unit insignia is available from the
Institute of Heraldry, on-line at http://=
www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/DUI_SSI_COA_page.htm. The Institute also provides inform=
ation
on rank insignia, http://=
www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/Rank_page/USArmyRankInsignia.htm. Similar information for the Air Fo=
rce
may be found at http://=
afhra.maxwell.af.mil/heraldry/heraldry.html. Additional background on enlisted =
and
officer rank insignia may be found at http://=
www.defenselink.mil/specials/insignias/enlisted.html
and http://=
www.defenselink.mil/specials/insignias/officers.html.
Grunt, the Ultimate Military Site, also provides researchers with
illustrations of all military badges and insignias at http://www.gruntsmilitary.com. Navy insignias are described at http://=
www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=3D197;
http://=
www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=3D
267; and http://=
www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=3D268.
IV. Additional Reference Materials or
Resources
A. &nb=
sp; Records
of US Ships and Naval Units from the Modern Era<=
o:p>
The National Archives has custody of a wi=
de
range of records relating to ships and other Navy units for the period from
World War II through Vietnam, with a heavy concentration in WWII vessels. Available records include, but are=
not
limited to:
Action Reports
(WWII)
Armed Guard
Logbooks and Reports
(WWII)
Casualty Repo=
rts
(WWII – late 1950s)
Deck Logs (19=
41
– 1967)
Movement Repo=
rt
Cards (i.e., Records of the Tenth Fleet, WWII)
Muster
Rolls/Personnel Diaries (WWII – 1970)
Records of
Individual Convoys (i.e., Records of the Tenth Fleet)
Submarine War
Patrol Reports (WWII)
War Diaries (=
WWII)
To learn more about the scope of these
materials and to request records for a given ship, write to the following
address.
Modern Milita=
ry
Records Unit (NWCTM)
National Arch=
ives
at College Park
8601 Adelphi =
Road
College Park,
MD 20740-6001
In your letter, include the ship/unitR=
17;s
name, the date/time period of interest; your full name, address, and teleph=
one
number; and as much other detail as possible about the information you would
like to obtain. Due to the vo=
lume
of requests received and the time needed to identify all appropriate record=
s, Archives
staff requests that you limit your request to five items per each letter. Allow approximately 10 – 12 =
weeks
from the initial inquiry to receipt of the records.
A charge will be imposed for
reproduction/mailing of the records,
however, do not send any cash/check/charge card information with your initi=
al
inquiry. Staff of the Archive=
s will
review your request and send to you by mail an estimate of the cost and pay=
ment
information. Follow the direc=
tions
contained in that letter to order the desired records.
B. &nb=
sp; Selected
Reference Works
Adamczyk, Richard and MacGregor, Morris, Jr., eds., United States
Army in World War II Reader’s Guide (Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Milit=
ary
History, 1992), http://=
www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/wwii/11-9/11-9c.htm.=
Carter, Kit C., The Army Air Forces in World War II: Combat Chronology, 1941 – 19=
45
(Washington, DC: United State=
s Government
Printing Office, 1973), =
http://=
www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/PopTopics/chron/contents.htm.=
Craven, Wesley Frank, ed., The Army Air Forces in World War II,
7 vols. (Chicago, IL: Univers=
ity of
Chicago Press, 1948 – 1958), http://=
www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/Annotations/cravenAAFWWII.htm.
Gawne, Jonathan, Finding Your Father’s War, A Practical Gu=
ide
to Researching and Understanding Service in the World War II US Army
(Drexel Hill, PA: Casemate
Publishing, 2006).
Maurer, Maurer, ed., Air Force Combat Units of World War II
(Washington, DC: United State=
s Government
Printing Office, 1961), http://=
www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/af_combat_units_wwii.pd=
f.
_____________, Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II
(Washington, DC: United States
Department of the Air Force, Air Force History Division, 1969), https:/=
/www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/combat_sq_of_the_af_ww=
ii.pdf.
Mooney, James L., ed., Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Shi=
ps,
9 vols. (Washington, DC: Unit=
ed
States Naval Historical Center, 1959 to 1991), http://www.hazegray.org/danfs.
Ravenstein, Charles A., Air Force Combat Wings: Lineage and Honors Histories
(Washington, DC: United State=
s Government
Printing Office, 1984), http://=
www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/combat_wings.pdf=
.
Stanton, Shelby L., Order of Battle, U.S. Army, World War II
(Novato, CA: Presidio Press,
1984). European Theater of
Operations, http://=
www.army.mil/cmh-pg/documents/eto-ob/etoob-toc.htm.
United States Army, “Combat Chronicles of U.S. Army Divisions=
in
World War II,” The Army Almanac:&=
nbsp;
A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States
(Washington, DC: United States
Government Printing Office, 1950), pg. 510 – 592. On-line at http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/lineag=
e/cc/cc.htm.
C. &nb=
sp; Burial
Locations & Casualty Lists
The Department of Veterans Affairs offers an on-line locator service
for most of its 120 national cemeteries, http://=
gravelocator.cem.va.gov/j2ee/servlet/NGL_v1. For veterans buried overseas, the
American Battle Monuments Commission also facilitates the search for their
final resting place, http://=
www.abmc.gov/wardead/index.php.
Casualty lists are available as well for some conflicts. The National Archives and Records
Administration posted on-line the state-by-state casualty lists for World W=
ar
II, http://=
www.archives.gov/research/arc/ww2/army-casualties. A county-by-county breakdown of the
World War II dead and missing from Texas for the US Army and Army Air
Force, for example, may be accessed at http://=
www.archives.gov/research/arc/ww2/army-casualties/texas.html.
WWII casualties for the other services are posted at http://www.arc=
hives.gov/research/arc/ww2/navy-casualties/index.html. Those from Texas (including an
indication of those individuals held as prisoners of war) may be found at http://=
www.archives.gov/research/arc/ww2/navy-casualties/texas.html. Korean War and Vietnam-era casualty
information may be retrieved at http://=
www.archives.gov/research/korean-war/casualty-lists. Information from subsequent confli=
cts is
posted at http://siadapp.d=
ior.whs.mil/personnel/CASUALTY/castop.htm.
D. &nb=
sp; Reunions
For listings of military unit reunions from all service branches,
consult the US Marine Corps list of approved reunions, http://=
www.usmc.mil/reunions/reunions.nsf/approved.
E. =
Miscellaneous
The Armed Forces use symbols in a variety of ways. For a basic overview of military m=
ap
symbols, for example, see http://www.gruntsmilitary.com/sizes.shtml.
Once you’ve navigated the unique world of military acronyms, =
you
also might be interested to learn more about the special language of the
military. The US Navy has don=
e a
wonderful job of explaining some of the familiar terms, such as scuttlebutt=
and
watches, that one might encounter in old correspondence or military records=
. See
http://www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=3D280.=
V. On-Line
Resources
A. Military
History Resources
Individuals and organizations interested in military history are am=
ong
the most active users of the Internet.&nbs=
p;
As a result, a tremendous volume of information is available on-line
about any conflict or military unit, especially those of the modern era. Included among the sites that may =
be valuable
reference sources are:
Air Mobility Command Museum, http://www.amcmuseum.org
American Civil War Homepage, http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war<=
/span>
Army Air Forces, http://www.armyairforces.com
Army Historical Foundation, http://www.=
armyhistory.org/
Buffalo Soldiers Museum, http://www.buf=
falosoldiermuseum.com
Civil Engineer Corps, Seabee Heritage C=
enter,
&=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; http://=
www.seabeehf.org/index.asp?cat=3D82&Action=3Dcat&Page=3D1.
Civil War Center, http://www.cwc.lsu.edu
Civil War Manuscripts Project, http://www.chs.org/kcwmp/default.=
htm
Civil War Official Records, http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/mo=
a.
(128 volumes of Confederate & Union Army records; 31 volumes of Confede=
rate
& Union Navy records)
Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System, =
http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/sailors_index.html
Cold War Museum, http://www.coldwar.org=
Congressional Medal of Honor Society, http://www.cmohs.org=
Fleet Air Arm Archive (British site), http://www.fleetairarmarchive.net=
Historic Government Publications from W=
orld
War II, http://worldwar2.smu.edu
Historic Naval Ships Association, http://www.hnsa.org/index.htm
HyperWar (annotated history of WWII), http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar
Index to the Military Rolls of the Repu=
blic
of Texas (1835-1845),
&=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; http://www.mindspring.com/~dmaxey=
/rep_cont.htm
Korean War Commemoration, http://korea5=
0.mil/
Master Index of Army Records, http://www.army.mil/cmh/reference=
/records.htm
Military Medical History, http://=
history.amedd.army.mil/default_index2.html
National Museum of Naval Aviation, http://naval.aviation.museum/muse=
um.html
National Museum of the Marine Corps, ht=
tp://www.usmcmuseum.org/index.asp
National Museum of the Pacific War, http://www.nimitz-museum.org
National Museum of the United States Air
Force, http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/
National World War II Museum, http://www.nationalww2museum.org<=
/span>
Navy Bureau of Medicine,
&=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; http://navymedicine.med.navy.mil/default.cfm?seltab=3Dbumed=
&ecmid=3D93E9008D-802E-D019-ABBA0925B2764081&docid=3D10259
Naval Historical Center, http://www.history.navy.mil
Naval Historical Foundation, http://www.navyhistory.org<=
/span>
Naval Vessel Registry,
http://www.nvr.navy.mil
Prisoner of War/Missing in Action Datab=
ase, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pow/powhome.html
Rutgers University, Oral History Archiv=
es of
World War II, Korean War, Vietnam War, and the Cold War, http://oralhistory=
.rutgers.edu/
Submarine Museums, http://www.navy.mil/=
navydata/cno/n87/history/museum.html
Texas Military Forces Museum, http://www.texasmilitaryforcesmus=
eum.org
US Air Force Enlisted Heritage Research
Institute,
&=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; http://cepme.maxwell.af.mil/herit=
age/index.html
US Air Force Historical Research Agency=
, http://www.au.af.mil/au/afhra
US Air Force Historical Research Agency,
Research Division,
&=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; http://www.au.af.mil/au/afhra/rso/rso_index.html
US Air Force History Support Office, http://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.=
mil
US Army Aviation and Missile Command (i=
.e.,
Redstone Arsenal Historical Site), http://www.redstone.army.mil/hist=
ory
US Army Aviation Museum, http://www.armyavnmuseum.org
US Army Chaplain Museum, http://=
www.usachcs.army.mil/museum/nav1/mainpage.html=